English
русскийA heat exchanger is a device used to transfer thermal energy from one fluid to another to achieve a change in temperature or a balance of thermal energy. The principle of heat exchanger is based on three methods: heat conduction, convection, and radiation.
Thermal conduction refers to the transfer of heat through molecular motion within a substance. In a heat exchanger, thermal energy is transferred from one fluid to another by conduction. There are usually tubes or sheets made of metal or other thermally conductive materials inside the heat exchanger, which allow heat energy to be transferred through the material. By increasing the contact area and reducing the heat transfer distance, the heat transfer efficiency can be improved.
Convection refers to the heat transfer and flow of molecules within a fluid. In a heat exchanger, fluid circulates through pipes or channels within the equipment, and heat energy is also transferred along with the flow of the fluid. Convection heat transfer depends on factors such as the velocity of the fluid, flow properties (such as viscosity and density), the temperature difference between the fluid and the heat exchange surface, and the design of the pipes.
Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves without a medium. The walls of the heat exchanger can directly transfer thermal energy to other fluids through radiative heat transfer. The higher the temperature of the object, the more obvious the radiation heat transfer is.
By comprehensively utilizing the three methods of heat conduction, convection, and radiation, the heat exchanger can efficiently transfer heat energy from one fluid to another, meeting the thermal energy conversion and balance needs in industry, construction, transportation, and other fields.
